the first and last one each contain a single anonymous inline element (text content).If we update the previous HTML code like this: If you know the height of each line-box, you know the height of an element. As a result, a line-box is always tall enough to contain all its children (by default).Įach HTML element is actually a stack of line-boxes. The browser therefore computes the height for each inline elements, and thus the height of the line-box (from its child’s highest point to its child’s lowest point). The height of a line-box is based on its children’s height. Each line is made up of one or many inline elements (HTML tags or anonymous inline elements for text content) and is called a line-box. When a element is rendered on screen, it can be composed of many lines, according to its width. As a result, 1ex = 49px and 1em = 100px, not 164px (thankfully, em is based on font-size, not computed height) Catamaran font: UPM -Units Per Em- and pixels equivalent using font-size: 100pxīefore going deeper, a short note on what this it involves. We can also predict that capital letters are 68px high (680 units) and lower case letters (x-height) are 49px high (485 units). You can think of the content-area as the area where the background property applies 2. This computed height defines the content-area of an element and I will refer to this terminology for the rest of the article. That means the Catamaran font uses 1100 + 540 units in a 1000 units em-square, which gives a height of 164px when setting font-size: 100px. We also note that Capital Height is 680 and X height is 485. After running some tests, it seems that browsers use the HHead Ascent/ Descent values on Mac OS, and Win Ascent/ Descent values on Windows (these values may differ!). the ascender is 1100 and the descender is 540.Let’s take the Catamaran font and open it in FontForge to get metrics: in the browser, relative units are scaled to fit the desired font-size.Note that some values can bleed outside of the em-square. based on its relative units, metrics of the fonts are set (ascender, descender, capital height, x-height, etc.).But it can also be 1024, 2048 or anything else. This square uses relative units and is generally set at 1000 units.
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